Apparatus for setting diamonds, &amp;c., for industrial uses.



R. KRAUSE. APPARATUS FOB. SETTING DIAMONDS, (#0., FOR INDUSTRIAL USES.APPLICATION FILED JAN.23, 190s. nmmwsn no. 13, 1909.

964,792. Patented July 19, 1910.

e j i U UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD KRAUSE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'I-OABRAHAM L. A. HIMMELWRIGH'I AND GUSTAVUS C. I-I'ENNING, OF NEW YORK, N.Y.

APPARATUS FOR SETTING DIAMONDS, &c., FOR INDUSTRIAL USES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 19, 1910.

Application filed January 23, 1903, Serial No. 140,318. Renewed December13, 1909. Serial No. 532,910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD KRAUSE, manufacturer, a subject of theGerman Emperor, and resident of No. 82 Steglitzerstrasse, in the city ofBerlin, Kingdom of Prussia, and German Empire, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for Setting Diamonds, &c., forIndustrial Uses, of which the following is a specification.

The setting of drawing-dies or stones namely drilled diamonds, such asare used for wire drawing, is to be efi'ected in a way protecting themfrom breakage as far as possible and for this reason the setting is tobe carried out in such a way and to consist of such a material as willcounteract all the causes tending to break the stone. It is evident thatas an embedding or setting material cast steel deserves the preferenceabove all others, not only on account of its comparatively greatstrength and hardness but also because it greatly contracts after thecasting and thus holds the stone firmly in position. In spite of thisexcellent quality of cast steel as a setting or embedding material forwire-drawing stones, it has hitherto not been used for this purpose, aswith the high melting temperature of the steel the diamond to be set isin a high degree affected by the same, that is to say, its surface isburned. Especially the carefully polished hole drilled through the stoneis, in consequence of the high temperature of the liquid steel, madequite rough and unserviceable.

In order to be able to use steel as a setting material for wire-drawingstones, arrangements have to be made whereby the drawbacks resulting tothe stone from the high melting temperature are removed. This isattained by the present invention by the expedient of drawing away heatas rapidly as possible from the liquid steel surrounding the stone, sothat the steel, before it can exert any injurious effect on the stone,will be rapidly cooled down from white heat to red heat. This new ideacan be-carried out in many different ways.

In the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, Figure1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a mold and parts;Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views of another form of such apparatus; Figs.5 and 6 are like views of another form of apparatus; Figs. 7 and 8 arelike views of yet another form; Figs. 9 and 10 are similar views ofstill another form of apparatus; Fig. 11 is a section of a mold suitablefor very small stones; and Fig. 12 illustrates the setting of a steelstone-holder in a softer metal.

It is more advantageous to use an open metal mold a, the bottom of whichis provided with a support I) for the stone. The support I) may be inthe form of aperforatcd cone, as shown in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive; or itmay be in the form of a perforated bolt or cylindrical stud b", as inFigs. 9 and 11. The perforated stone is held in place on the support Z)by means of a wire d, which is provided with a head, or is otherwisearranged to hold the stone down, and which wire passes through theperforation in the support I) to the outside of the mold, which also isperforated, where its end may be secured in any suitable manner. Thesupport I), and the head or end of the wire (Z, by preference, arecoated with an insulating compound in order to revent them from fusingwith the steel or iron, but such coating may be omitted withoutdeparting from this invention and the scope and spirit of the claimsherein.

In order to attain a rapid cooling of the liquid steel in the vicinityof the stone one can, as shown in Fig. 1, place metal pegs 0 into themold which naturally draw away heat from the liquid steel by absorbingthe same and giving it off partly to the air and partly to the molditself. These pegs can later on be removed from the setting f or theymay be left in it, because without insulation they become fused orwelded together with the steel. One can however, as shown in Figs. 3 andi, use, instead of the metal pegs, metal bows g or similar pieces ofmetal which will effectively answer the same purose.

p As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the mold a itself may be provided, in thevicinity of the stone 0 with a ring it which will also effect a coolingof the steel in the vicinity of the stone. Of course in that case thesetting f will be provided with holes or an annular groove, which arehowever, in no wise, detrimental to the strength of the steel.

As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the mold a may be provided with ribs runningup close to the stone either radially or any other way and being ofoptional shape and cross section, so that the setting f will later onshow onits lower surface channels or recesses corresponding to the ribs2'. The latter will, of course, also effect a rapid cooling of the steelin the neighborhood of the stone.

The object aimed at can also be attained by giving the setting 7 assmall a diameter as possible and providing it with a flange 7" for thesake of an easier handling, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. In consequenceof the wall of the mold extending quite close to the stone 0, the steelaround the stone is, of course, rapidly cooled down and a burning .ofthe latter on its surface prevented. If

the stone to be set is not very large, the flange f of Figs. 9 and 10may be dispensed with and the small setting f may, as illustrated inFigs. 11 and 12, be placed into a larger mold and be circumfused withsofter metal f, such as bronze, so that the setting will be of therequired size. The stone will also, in this way, in spiteofit-s smallsize, be

embedded in strong material without having suffered by the meltingtemperature of the steel. This expedient is especially of importance inthose cases where the stone to be set weighs only about 0.05 grams andhas a hole of, say, 0.08 mm. or less. For such stones a steel block ofabout 68 grams will be sufficient.

In Figs. 18 a cone is given as a support for the stone. It is howevernot strictly necessary that the support should be a cone, but a hollowbolt b flattened at its top end may be used, as shown in Fig. 9especially with small flat stones which will rest on the support with alarger surface and are, consequently, better cooled.

In many cases the stone may be placed at the bottom of the mold, that isto say, the support 6 may be entirely dispensed with, but in that caseit will frequently happen that the steel is chilled off too much on thecold bottom of the mold and does not embrace well the stone so that thestone is not perfectly embedded or mantled. It is therefore to berecommended to make, as a rule, use of a support Z).

Stones properly embedded in steel after this method, are on theshrinking of the steel, compressed with an enormous power and moreuniformly than can be attained by other means, so that, in fact, thediamond on being used for wire-drawing is not subject to accidental butonly to the natural wear and tear. It is understood, of course, that,before the diamond canbe used for wiredrawing, the metal is cut away orremoved to the perforation in the stone, and that the wire is drilledout; this is done after the metal has set or become cold and the castingremoved with its stone from the mold or form a. A bursting or crackingof the diamond, such as frequently happens With the settings now used,is practically excluded with stones set after this process.

The invention may be otherwise embodied than as herein shown and abovedescribed.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States is 1. Means for setting stones for industrial usesconsisting of a mold and means, independent of the stone-holding devicesand projecting inwardly from the bottom of the mold, for drawing heatfrom the molten metal at points closely adjacent to the stone andtransmitting such heat to the body of the mold.

2. Means for setting stones for industrial uses consisting of an openmold and means, independent of the stone-holding devices and projectinginwardly of the mold from the bottom thereof, for drawing heat from themolten metal at points closely adjacent to the stone and transmittingsuch heat to said mold.

3. Means for setting stones for wire-drawing dies, consisting of aperforated mold or form, and a wire passing through the perforation inthe mold and adapted to pass through a perforated stone and hold thesame in place while the molten metal is poured in and sets.

4. Means for setting stones for wire-drawing dies, consisting of an openmold having a perforation through its bottom, and a wire passing throughsaid perforation and adapted to pass through a perforated stone and holdthe same in place while the molten metal is poured in and sets.

5. Means for setting perforated stones in metal, consisting of an openmold having a perforated stone-support rising from the bottom thereof,and a wire passing through said perforated stone-support and adapted topass through a perforated stone and hold the same in place while themolten metal is poured in and sets.

The foregoing specification signed at Berlin this 20th day of December,1902.

RICHARD KRAUSE.

In presence of WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HAsrER.

